BNC Tax & Accounting Resources
Answers may link to our articles, definitions, examples, etc.
Examples & Definitions
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What is Adjusted basis in home (real estate)?
Your home’s adjusted basis isn’t just what you paid—it changes over time based on home improvements, disaster repairs, forgiven debt, and tax credits. Certain upgrades increase your basis, while things like mortgage forgiveness, insurance payouts, and depreciation decrease it. Tracking these changes is key because your adjusted basis helps determine how much taxable profit you make when selling your home—and that could mean less tax owed! Read more
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What is the Basis in my residence?
Your home’s “basis” is what you paid for it—plus a bunch of extra costs from closing, like title fees, legal expenses, and certain taxes. If you covered any costs the seller owed (like unpaid real estate taxes or repairs), those add to your basis too. Keeping track of these numbers is key because they can help lower your tax bill when you sell! Read more
Note: there are a few items that can adjust your basis over time. What is Adjusted Basis?
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Filing Due Dates
Here’s a general breakdown of the U.S. tax filing deadlines for different tax components:
1. Personal Income Tax (Form 1040)
- Deadline: April 15
- Extension: Can file for a 6-month extension (until October 15) using Form 4868.
- Special Rule for Expats: If living abroad, an automatic 2-month extension applies (until June 15), but interest still accrues.
2. C-Corporations (Form 1120)
- Deadline: April 15 (for calendar-year corporations)
- Extension: 6-month extension available (until October 15) using Form 7004.
3. S-Corporations (Form 1120-S)
- Deadline: March 15
- Extension: 6-month extension available (until September 15) using Form 7004.
4. Partnerships (Form 1065)
- Deadline: March 15
- Extension: 6-month extension available (until September 15) using Form 7004.
5. Trusts & Estates (Form 1041)
- Deadline: April 15
- Extension: 5½-month extension available (until September 30) using Form 7004.
6. Nonprofit Organizations (Form 990)
- Deadline: May 15
- Extension: 6-month extension available (until November 15) using Form 8868.
7. Estimated Quarterly Tax Payments (Individuals & Corporations)
For self-employed individuals, businesses, and others with non-withheld income, estimated taxes are due on:
- April 15 – Q1
- June 15 – Q2
- September 15 – Q3
- January 15 (of the following year) – Q4
8. Foreign Bank Account Report (FBAR – FinCEN Form 114)
- Deadline: April 15
- Automatic Extension: Until October 15 (no separate extension filing required).
These are general deadlines, and if any date falls on a weekend or holiday, the deadline shifts to the next business day. Let me know if you need more details!
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Sale of foreign residence
Your home abroad will follow the same rules as if you were living (and owned a home) in the U.S. for Sale of a Residence.
Sale of a Residence (Tax-Free? Yes, Please!)
You may be able to exclude up to $250,000 of gain ($500,000 if you’re married and filing jointly) from your taxable income—as long as you pass the eligibility tests!
The Two Big Tests:
Ownership Test – You must have owned the home for at least 2 years out of the last 5 years leading up to the sale.
Use Test – You must have lived in the home as your principal residence for at least 2 years out of the last 5 years before the sale. Both spouses must meet this rule to get the full $500,000 exclusion. The good news? The 2 years don’t have to be consecutive!
Fun Fact
Vacations don’t ruin your eligibility! Short, temporary absences—like vacations or seasonal getaways—still count as periods of use (even if you rented out the place while you were away).
A Few More Rules to Keep in Mind:
One Sale Every Two Years Rule – You can only take this exclusion once every 2 years. If you sold another home in the past 2 years and excluded the gain, you’ll have to wait before claiming it again.
Who’s NOT Eligible?
- Taxpayers subject to expatriate tax
- Those who got the property through a like-kind exchange within the last 5 years
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Totalization Agreements
Totalization agreements are like peace treaties for taxes! These international agreements between countries make sure people aren’t double-taxed on their income when it comes to social security taxes. So, if you’re figuring out whether someone needs to pay U.S. Social Security/Medicare tax or if a U.S. citizen or resident owes social security taxes in another country, these agreements are the key to sorting it all out!
There is a totalization agreement with:
- Australia
- Austria
- Belgium
- Brazil
- Canada
- Chile
- Czech Republic
- Denmark
- Finland
- France
- Germany
- Greece
- Hungary
- Iceland
- Ireland
- Italy
- Japan
- Luxembourg
- Netherlands
- Norway
- Poland
- Portugal
- Slovak Republic
- Slovenia
- South Korea
- Spain
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- United Kingdom
- Uruguay
There is no totalization agreement with Mexico.
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ZZP
In the Netherlands, a sole proprietorship—aka an eenmanszaak or ZZP (Zelfstandige Zonder Personeel)—is a go-to business setup for entrepreneurs and freelancers. It’s a super popular choice for those who want to be their own boss and keep things simple-ish.
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